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ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM › STOMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS › STOMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS › Antiinfectives and antiseptics for local oral treatment
clotrimazole
A01AB18
Forms & Strengths
- Topical cream 1%
- Topical solution 1%
- Vaginal cream 1%, 2%
- Vaginal tablets 100 mg, 500 mg
- Oral troche / lozenge 10 mg
Adult Dosing
- Dermatomycosis: Apply 1% cream or solution to affected area twice daily for 2 to 4 weeks.
- Vulvovaginal candidiasis: 100 mg vaginal tablet for 7 consecutive days, or 200 mg for 3 days, or 500 mg single dose; or 1% vaginal cream 5 g daily for 7-14 days.
- Oropharyngeal candidiasis: Dissolve 1 troche in the mouth 5 times daily for 14 consecutive days.
Pediatric Dosing
- Dermatomycosis (Pediatric > 2 years): Apply 1% cream or solution to affected area twice daily for 2 to 4 weeks.
- Oropharyngeal candidiasis (Pediatric > 3 years): Dissolve 1 troche in the mouth 5 times daily for 14 consecutive days.
Indications
- Treatment of tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis caused by Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Epidermophyton floccosum, and Microsporum canis
- Treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis
- Treatment and prophylaxis of oropharyngeal candidiasis
Mechanism of Action
- Binds to phospholipids in the fungal cell membrane, altering cell permeability
- Inhibits 14-alpha-demethylase, halting the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol
- Leads to intracellular accumulation of 14-alpha-methylsterols and fungal cell lysis
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to clotrimazole or any component of the formulation
Adverse Reactions
- Local skin irritation, burning, stinging, or erythema (topical)
- Vaginal burning, pelvic cramps, or irritation (vaginal preparations)
- Nausea and vomiting (oral troche)
- Elevated liver enzymes (rare, with oral troches)
Drug Interactions
- No significant systemic drug interactions reported with topical or vaginal formulations.
- Oral troches may have minor CYP3A4 inhibition potential, though clinically significant interactions are rare.
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use