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glycerol

A06AG04

Forms & Strengths

Rectal suppository: 2.1 g (pediatric)
Rectal suppository: 2.8 g (adult)
Rectal solution: 20% (enema)
Oral liquid: 50%, 75% (hyperosmotic)

Adult Dosing

Constipation: 1 adult suppository rectally as needed, insert high into rectum and retain for 15 minutes
Constipation: 5 to 15 mL of 20% rectal solution as a single dose
Elevated intraocular/intracranial pressure (oral): 1 to 1.5 g/kg of 50% or 75% solution preoperatively

Pediatric Dosing

Constipation (Children > 6 years): 1 adult suppository rectally as needed
Constipation (Children 2-6 years): 1 pediatric suppository (1 to 1.4 g) rectally as needed
Constipation (Infants < 2 years): Use only under direct medical supervision, typically 0.5 to 1 g rectally

Indications

Short-term relief of occasional constipation
Reduction of intraocular pressure prior to ocular surgery
Reduction of acute intracranial pressure

Mechanism of Action

Rectal formulation: Acts as a hyperosmotic agent that draws water into the rectum, irritating the bowel wall and stimulating peristalsis and defecation
Oral formulation: Increases plasma osmolality, drawing water from extravascular spaces into the blood to reduce intracranial and intraocular pressure

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to glycerol
Acute abdomen, appendicitis, or symptoms of intestinal obstruction
Undiagnosed rectal bleeding or severe fecal impaction
Severe dehydration or anuria (oral formulation)

Adverse Reactions

Rectal irritation, burning, or cramping
Rectal discomfort or tenesmus
Nausea and vomiting (oral formulation)
Headache, dizziness, or confusion from rapid dehydration (oral formulation)

Drug Interactions

Diuretics: May potentiate dehydration and electrolyte depletion when glycerol is given orally
Nephrotoxic drugs: Concurrent use may increase risk of renal impairment

Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use