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ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM › ANTIDIARRHEALS, INTESTINAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY/ANTIINFECTIVE AGENTS › INTESTINAL ANTIINFECTIVES › Antibiotics
amphotericin B
A07AA07
Forms & Strengths
- intravenous injection 50mg
- liposomal injection 50mg
- oral suspension 100mg/mL
- intravenous deoxycholate injection 50mg/mL
Adult Dosing
- 0.25-1.0mg/kg/day IV for severe fungal infections
- 3-6mg/kg/day IV for visceral leishmaniasis
- initial test dose 1mg IV
Pediatric Dosing
- 0.25-1.0mg/kg/day IV for severe fungal infections
- 5-10mg/kg/day IV for visceral leishmaniasis
- initial test dose 1mg IV
Indications
- invasive aspergillosis
- candidemia
- cryptococcal meningitis
- histoplasmosis
- mucormycosis
- visceral leishmaniasis
Mechanism of Action
- binds to ergosterol in fungal cell membrane
- forms pores, altering membrane permeability
- fungal cell death due to loss of vital ions
Contraindications
- severe renal impairment
- hypersensitivity to amphotericin B or component
- during or shortly after liver transplant
Adverse Reactions
- infusion-related reactions
- fever
- chills
- nausea
- vomiting
- renal impairment
Drug Interactions
- corticosteroids increase risk of hypokalemia
- nephrotoxic agents enhance renal toxicity
- leukocyte transfusions increase risk of acute respiratory distress
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use