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ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM › ANTIDIARRHEALS, INTESTINAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY/ANTIINFECTIVE AGENTS › INTESTINAL ANTIINFECTIVES › Antibiotics
kanamycin
A07AA08
Forms & Strengths
- Injection: 500 mg/2 mL vial
- Oral: Not commercially available in many regions
Adult Dosing
- Intramuscular/Intravenous: 15 mg/kg/day divided in 2 equal doses every 12 hours
- Maximum daily dose: 1.5 grams
Pediatric Dosing
- Neonates: 15 mg/kg/day divided every 12 hours
- Children: 15 to 30 mg/kg/day divided into 2 to 3 doses
Indications
- Short-term treatment of serious infections caused of susceptible strains of gram-negative bacteria
- Hepatic coma (oral/adjunctive use for reduction of ammonia-producing bacteria)
Mechanism of Action
- Aminoglycoside that binds to 30S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria
- Inhibits protein synthesis and causes misreading of genetic code leading to cell death
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to kanamycin or other aminoglycosides
- History of severe toxic reaction to aminoglycosides
Adverse Reactions
- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity (auditory and vestibular damage)
- Neurotoxicity and neuromuscular blockade
- Pain at injection site
Drug Interactions
- Increased risk of nephrotoxicity with concurrent use of amphotericin B, cisplatin, or vancomycin
- Increased risk of ototoxicity with loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide)
- Enhanced neuromuscular blockade with neuromuscular blocking agents and general anesthetics
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use