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ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM › ANTIDIARRHEALS, INTESTINAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY/ANTIINFECTIVE AGENTS › ANTIPROPULSIVES › Antipropulsives
opium
A07DA02
Forms & Strengths
- Tincture (10-20%)
- Extract (25%)
- Powder
- Suppository
Adult Dosing
- 10-20 mg orally every 4-6 hours as needed for pain
- 5-10 mg rectally every 4-6 hours as needed for pain
- Individualized dosing for diarrhea and cough
Pediatric Dosing
- 0.5-1 mg/kg orally every 4-6 hours as needed for pain
- 0.25-0.5 mg/kg rectally every 4-6 hours as needed for pain
- Not recommended for children under 2 years
Indications
- Severe diarrhea
- Moderate to severe pain
- Cough suppression
- Adjunctive therapy for dyspnea in chronic conditions
Mechanism of Action
- Mu receptor agonist
- Gastrointestinal motility decrease
- Central nervous system depressant
- Cough center suppression
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to opium
- Respiratory depression
- Acute bronchial asthma
- Paralytic ileus
Adverse Reactions
- Respiratory depression
- Drowsiness
- Constipation
- Nausea and vomiting
- Hypotension
- Pruritus
Drug Interactions
- CNS depressants (additive effects)
- MAOIs (potentiation of CNS depression)
- Mixed agonist-antagonist opioids (precipitation of withdrawal)
- Anticholinergics (increased risk of urinary retention)
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use