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insulin (human)

A10AC01

Forms & Strengths

U-100 solution for injection: 100 units/mL
U-100 solution for injection: 50 units/mL
U-200 solution for injection: 200 units/mL
U-300 solution for injection: 300 units/mL
U-500 solution for injection: 500 units/mL
Prefilled pens and cartridges

Adult Dosing

Type 1 diabetes: individualized, SC, 0.5-1.0 units/kg/day, divided into 2-4 doses
Type 2 diabetes: individualized, SC, 0.1-0.2 units/kg/day, divided into 1-2 doses
IV administration: 1-2 units, titrate to desired glucose level

Pediatric Dosing

Type 1 diabetes: individualized, SC, 0.25-1.0 units/kg/day, divided into 2-4 doses
Type 2 diabetes: individualized, SC, 0.1-0.2 units/kg/day, divided into 1-2 doses
Premature infants and neonates: lower doses, SC, 0.01-0.1 units/kg/dose, as needed

Indications

Treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus
Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Treatment of gestational diabetes
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Hyperkalemia

Mechanism of Action

Increases glucose uptake by cells, decreases glucose production in liver
Regulates lipolysis, protein metabolism, and electrolyte balance
Stimulates glycogenesis, inhibits glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to insulin or any component of the formulation
Diabetic coma, severe hypoglycemia (unless patient is under close medical supervision)

Adverse Reactions

Hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia
Lipodystrophy at injection sites
Allergic reactions (rash, urticaria, anaphylaxis)
Weight gain
Fluid retention

Drug Interactions

Beta blockers: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia, potentiates hypoglycemia
Thiazides: decreases insulin secretion, increases glucose levels
Corticosteroids: increases glucose levels, decreases insulin sensitivity
Salicylates: increases risk of hypoglycemia
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: increases risk of hypoglycemia

Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use