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ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM › DRUGS USED IN DIABETES › BLOOD GLUCOSE LOWERING DRUGS, EXCL. INSULINS › Sulfonylureas
gliclazide
A10BB09
Forms & Strengths
- Tablets: 80 mg (immediate-release)
- Tablets (Modified-Release): 30 mg, 60 mg
Adult Dosing
- Immediate-release: 40 to 320 mg daily orally, divided in doses if >160 mg
- Modified-release: 30 to 120 mg once daily orally taken with breakfast
Pediatric Dosing
- Safety and efficacy not established in pediatric patients
Indications
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus as an adjunct to diet and exercise
Mechanism of Action
- Second-generation sulfonylurea that stimulates insulin secretion by closing ATP-sensitive potassium channels in pancreatic beta cells
- Exhibits antioxidant properties and has anti-platelet/hemovascular effects
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to gliclazide or other sulfonylureas/sulfa derivatives
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Diabetic ketoacidosis or diabetic coma/pre-coma
- Severe renal or hepatic impairment
- Pregnancy and lactation
- Concomitant use with miconazole
Adverse Reactions
- Hypoglycemia (common, especially with missed meals or excessive exertion)
- Weight gain
- Gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, dyspepsia, diarrhea, constipation)
- Dermatological reactions (rash, pruritus, urticaria)
- Hematological abnormalities (rare: leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis)
Drug Interactions
- Potentiated hypoglycemic effect with NSAIDs, azole antifungals (miconazole), ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, fluoroquinolones, and MAOIs
- Attenuation of blood glucose control with corticosteroids, thiazide diuretics, oral contraceptives, sympathomimetics, and phenytoin
- Increased risk of hypoglycemia when combined with insulin, metformin, GLP-1 receptor agonists, or DPP-4 inhibitors
- Alcohol may provoke hypoglycemia or disulfiram-like reactions
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use