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ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM › DRUGS USED IN DIABETES › BLOOD GLUCOSE LOWERING DRUGS, EXCL. INSULINS › Sulfonamides (heterocyclic)
glymidine
A10BC01
Adult Dosing
- Initial: 500 mg to 1000 mg daily administered before meals
- Maintenance: 500 mg to 1500 mg daily divided into 1 to 2 doses
- Maximum daily dose: 2000 mg
Pediatric Dosing
- Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients have not been established
Indications
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus adjunct to diet and exercise when glycemic control is inadequate
Mechanism of Action
- First-generation sulfonylurea derivative
- Stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells by closing ATP-sensitive potassium channels
- Reduces hepatic glucose output and increases peripheral insulin sensitivity
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to glymidine or other sulfonamide derivatives
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Diabetic ketoacidosis with or without coma
- Severe hepatic impairment
- Severe renal impairment
- Pregnancy and lactation
Adverse Reactions
- Hypoglycemia
- Gastrointestinal distress (nausea, vomiting, epigastric fullness)
- Allergic skin reactions (pruritus, rash, urticaria)
- Transient hematologic abnormalities (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia)
- Elevated liver enzymes
Drug Interactions
- Potentiated hypoglycemic effect with concurrent use of NSAIDs, salicylates, sulfonamides, coumarin anticoagulants, and MAO inhibitors
- Diminished blood glucose-lowering efficacy when coadministered with thiazide diuretics, corticosteroids, oral contraceptives, and sympathomimetics
- Increased risk of severe hypoglycemia and prolonged duration of action with alcohol consumption
- Enhanced hypoglycemic risk with beta-blockers, which may simultaneously mask tachycardia symptoms of hypoglycemia
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use