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linagliptin and empagliflozin

A10BD19

Forms & Strengths

Tablet: 5 mg linagliptin / 10 mg empagliflozin
Tablet: 5 mg linagliptin / 25 mg empagliflozin

Adult Dosing

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: One tablet orally once daily in the morning, with or without food
Renal impairment adjustment: Avoid use if eGFR is less than 30 mL/min/1.73m2

Pediatric Dosing

Safety and efficacy not established in patients under 18 years of age

Indications

Adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
To reduce the risk of cardiovascular death in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and established cardiovascular disease (empagliflozin component)

Mechanism of Action

Linagliptin: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, increasing active incretin levels, stimulating insulin secretion, and decreasing glucagon secretion
Empagliflozin: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, reducing renal glucose reabsorption and lowering the renal threshold for glucose

Contraindications

History of a serious hypersensitivity reaction to linagliptin or empagliflozin
Severe renal impairment (eGFR less than 30 mL/min/1.73m2), end-stage renal disease, or patients on dialysis

Adverse Reactions

Urinary tract infections
Female mycotic genital infections
Nasopharyngitis
Hypoglycemia (when used with insulin or insulin secretagogues)
Hypotension
Ketoacidosis
Acute kidney injury
Severe arthralgia
Bullous pemphigoid

Drug Interactions

Insulin or insulin secretagogues: Increased risk of hypoglycemia
Strong P-glycoprotein or CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampin): May decrease linagliptin efficacy
Diuretics: May potentiate the risk of volume depletion and hypotension with empagliflozin
Lithium: SGLT2 inhibitors may increase renal lithium clearance, lowering serum lithium levels

Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use