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magnesium levulinate

A12CC07

Forms & Strengths

Oral syrup: 10% (equivalent to specific elemental magnesium per mL)
Injectable solution: concentration varies by regional manufacturer

Adult Dosing

Mild to moderate hypomagnesemia: 3 to 4.5 g daily orally in divided doses
Severe deficiency: Parenteral administration per institutional protocol based on serum levels

Pediatric Dosing

Hypomagnesemia: Dosage individualized based on age, weight, and severity, administered orally or parenterally

Indications

Treatment and prevention of magnesium deficiency
Management of acute hypomagnesemia

Mechanism of Action

Magnesium acts as an essential cofactor for numerous enzymatic reactions
Regulates membrane stability, neuromuscular transmission, and vasomotor tone
Competes with calcium channels, acting as a physiological calcium antagonist

Contraindications

Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance < 20 mL/min)
Heart block or myocardial damage
Hypermagnesemia
Addison's disease

Adverse Reactions

Diarrhea and abdominal cramping (most common with oral formulations)
Flush, sweating, or hypotension with rapid intravenous administration
Central nervous system depression, muscle weakness, and diminished deep tendon reflexes in hypermagnesemia

Drug Interactions

Decreases absorption of oral tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, iron, and bisphosphonates
Enhances neuromuscular blockade of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants
Increases risk of cardiac arrhythmias when used concomitantly with digitalis glycosides

Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use