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BLOOD AND BLOOD FORMING ORGANS › ANTIANEMIC PREPARATIONS › VITAMIN B12 AND FOLIC ACID › Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin and analogues)
hydroxocobalamin, combinations
B03BA53
Forms & Strengths
- Hydroxocobalamin 1mg/mL injection solution
- Hydroxocobalamin 5mg/mL injection solution
- Hydroxocobalamin 10mg/mL injection solution
- Hydroxocobalamin with folic acid and pyridoxine oral tablets
Adult Dosing
- For vitamin B12 deficiency: 100-200mcg IM daily for 6-7 days
- For cyanide poisoning: 5-10g IV over 15 minutes to 2 hours
- Maintenance dose: 100-200mcg IM every 1-2 months
Pediatric Dosing
- For vitamin B12 deficiency: 30-100mcg IM daily for 6-7 days
- For cyanide poisoning: 70mg/kg IV over 15 minutes to 2 hours
- Maintenance dose: 30-100mcg IM every 1-2 months
Indications
- Treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency
- Treatment of cyanide poisoning
- Pernicious anemia
- Megabolastic anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency
Mechanism of Action
- Replaces vitamin B12 in the body
- Reverses cyanide binding to cytochrome c oxidase
- Essential for DNA synthesis and fatty acid metabolism
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to hydroxocobalamin or cobalt
- Leber's optic atrophy
- Chronic renal failure requiring dialysis
Adverse Reactions
- Anaphylaxis
- Urticaria
- Itching
- Swollen face
- Diarrhea
- Nausea and vomiting
Drug Interactions
- Chloramphenicol: reduced hematopoietic response to hydroxocobalamin
- Colchicine: decreased efficacy of hydroxocobalamin
- H2 antagonists and proton pump inhibitors: decreased absorption of oral hydroxocobalamin
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use