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BLOOD AND BLOOD FORMING ORGANS › BLOOD SUBSTITUTES AND PERFUSION SOLUTIONS › IRRIGATING SOLUTIONS › Other irrigating solutions
mannitol
B05CX04
Forms & Strengths
- Injection 20% (200mg/mL)
- Injection 10% (100mg/mL)
- Tablets 20mg
Adult Dosing
- 20% solution: 50-200g IV over 30-60 minutes
- 10% solution: 100-500mL IV over 30-60 minutes
- Osmotic diuresis: 50-100g IV
Pediatric Dosing
- 0.25-1g/kg IV every 4-6 hours
- 20% solution: 1-2mL/kg IV over 30-60 minutes
- Neonates: 0.25-0.5g/kg IV every 4-6 hours
Indications
- Cerebral edema
- Increased intracranial pressure
- Acute glaucoma
- Oliguria
- Drug overdose
Mechanism of Action
- Osmotic diuretic
- Decreases intracranial pressure
- Increases renal blood flow
- Interferes with ion and water transport in the kidney
Contraindications
- Pulmonary edema
- Congestive heart failure
- Acute renal failure
- Severe dehydration
- Intracranial hemorrhage
Adverse Reactions
- Fluid overload
- Electrolyte imbalance
- Nausea and vomiting
- Headache
- Allergic reactions
Drug Interactions
- Furosemide: increased risk of dehydration
- Corticosteroids: increased risk of electrolyte imbalance
- Nephrotoxic agents: increased risk of renal damage
- Ddigoxin: increased risk of digitalis toxicity
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use