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BLOOD AND BLOOD FORMING ORGANS › BLOOD SUBSTITUTES AND PERFUSION SOLUTIONS › I.V. SOLUTION ADDITIVES › Electrolyte solutions
hydrochloric acid
B05XA13
Forms & Strengths
- Injectable solution: 0.1 N, 0.5 N, 1 N
- Oral solution: 5% to 10% (50-100 mmol/L)
Adult Dosing
- Dilute acid to 0.1-0.2 N before IV administration
- Typical dose: 0.1-0.2 mmol/kg IV
- IV infusion rate: 0.05-0.1 mmol/kg/hour
Pediatric Dosing
- Dilute acid to 0.1 N before IV administration
- Neonates: 0.1-0.2 mmol/kg IV, every 4-6 hours as needed
- Children: 0.05-0.1 mmol/kg IV, every 4-6 hours as needed
Indications
- Treatment of metabolic alkalosis
- Acidification of urine to increase solubility of certain drugs
- Management of hyperkalemia with calcium gluconate
Mechanism of Action
- Increases hydrogen ion concentration in the blood
- Stimulates renal excretion of potassium and other ions
- Reverses the effects of excessive bicarbonate administration
Contraindications
- Untreated Addison's disease
- Hypochloremia
- Sodium or chloride deficit
Adverse Reactions
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal cramps and diarrhea
- Sodium and potassium imbalance
- Renal tubular acidosis
Drug Interactions
- Corticosteroids: may enhance hypokalemic effects
- Thiazide diuretics: may increase the risk of hypokalemia
- Calcium gluconate: may form insoluble calcium chloride
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use