cyclothiazide and potassium

C03AB09

Forms & Strengths

Combination product: Cyclothiazide 0.5 mg / Potassium Chloride (various strengths for potassium replacement, typically equivalent to 500 mg potassium)

Adult Dosing

Hypertension and edema: 1 to 2 tablets daily in the morning, adjusted based on patient response and serum potassium levels

Pediatric Dosing

Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients have not been established; use is generally not recommended

Indications

Management of hypertension
Treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and corticosteroid or estrogen therapy, with concurrent prevention of potassium depletion

Mechanism of Action

Cyclothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubules, increasing excretion of sodium, water, chloride, and potassium
Potassium chloride is included to prophylactically mitigate the hypokalemia induced by the thiazide diuretic component

Contraindications

Anuria
Hypersensitivity to thiazides or other sulfonamide-derived drugs
Severe renal impairment or azotemia
Conditions associated with hyperkalemia (e.g., severe renal failure, untreated Addison's disease, acute dehydration)

Adverse Reactions

Hypokalemia (if potassium supplementation is insufficient) or hyperkalemia (if excessive)
Hypotension, dizziness, or lightheadedness
Electrolyte disturbances including hyponatremia, hypomagnesemia, and hypercalcemia
Hyperuricemia and gout exacerbation
Hyperglycemia
Gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, and abdominal pain due to potassium chloride

Drug Interactions

Lithium: Thiazides reduce lithium renal clearance, increasing the risk of lithium toxicity
Potassium-sparing diuretics or ACE inhibitors/ARBs: Increased risk of severe hyperkalemia when combined with potassium supplementation
Digitalis glycosides: Thiazide-induced hypokalemia increases the risk of digitalis toxicity
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): May attenuate the diuretic, natriuretic, and antihypertensive effects of thiazides and increase nephrotoxicity

Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use