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CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM › PERIPHERAL VASODILATORS › PERIPHERAL VASODILATORS › Purine derivatives
xantinol nicotinate
C04AD02
Forms & Strengths
- Oral tablets: 150 mg
- Oral tablets: 500 mg
- Intravenous injection: 300 mg/2 mL
Adult Dosing
- Oral: 150 mg to 500 mg three times daily after meals
- Intravenous/Intramuscular: 300 mg one to two times daily
Pediatric Dosing
- Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients not established
Indications
- Peripheral vascular disease (e.g., intermittent claudication, Raynaud's syndrome)
- Cerebrovascular insufficiency and associated cognitive symptoms
- Microcirculatory disorders
Mechanism of Action
- Acts as a peripheral vasodilator via the nicotinic acid moiety
- Improves microcirculation and tissue oxygenation
- Reduces blood viscosity and inhibits platelet aggregation
- Enhances cerebral and peripheral blood flow
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to xantinol nicotinate or niacin derivatives
- Acute myocardial infarction
- Severe hypotension or hemodynamic instability
- Active peptic ulcer disease
- Recent or acute hemorrhages
Adverse Reactions
- Transient flushing and sensation of warmth
- Dizziness, headache, and orthostatic hypotension
- Gastrointestinal distress, nausea, and abdominal pain
- Elevated liver enzymes and hyperuricemia with high doses
- Palpitations and tachycardia
Drug Interactions
- Potentiation of hypotensive effects with antihypertensive agents
- Increased risk of myopathy when combined with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins)
- Additive vasodilation and flushing with other nicotinic acid derivatives
- Enhanced gastrointestinal irritation when used with ulcerogenic drugs
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use