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CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM › VASOPROTECTIVES › ANTIVARICOSE THERAPY › Sclerosing agents for local injection
phenol
C05BB05
Forms & Strengths
- Injectable solution 6% (in almond oil for hemorrhoids)
- Topical liquid/gel various concentrations (1.4% to 40% for localized pain or chemical peeling)
- Oral lozenges/sprays 1.4% to 1.5% (sore throat)
Adult Dosing
- Hemorrhoids (sclerotherapy): 1 to 3 mL of 6% phenol in oil injected into the submucosa of the internal hemorrhoid
- Topical anesthetic/antiseptic: Apply sparingly to affected area as needed
- Sore throat: Spray or dissolve 1 lozenge every 2 hours as needed
Pediatric Dosing
- Sore throat (children > 12 years): Spray or dissolve 1 lozenge every 2 hours as needed
- Sore throat (children 3-12 years): Use under medical supervision, typically spray every 2 hours
- Children < 3 years: Safety and efficacy not established
Indications
- Symptomatic relief of sore throat and minor mouth irritation
- Sclerotherapy for internal hemorrhoids
- Topical local anesthesia and minor skin debridement
Mechanism of Action
- Acts as a local anesthetic by decreasing the permeability of neuronal membranes to sodium ions, blocking nerve conduction
- Functions as a chemical cauterizing and sclerosing agent causing local tissue necrosis and fibrosis
- Exhibits mild antiseptic and antibacterial properties via protein denaturation
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to phenol or formulation components
- Application to large surface areas or denuded skin due to systemic toxicity risk
- Severe hepatic or renal impairment (for systemically absorbed forms)
Adverse Reactions
- Local tissue necrosis, sloughing, or gangrene with high concentrations or improper injection
- Contact dermatitis and severe skin irritation
- Systemic toxicity (central nervous system excitation followed by depression, hypotension, arrhythmias) with excessive absorption
Drug Interactions
- Potentiation of local tissue toxicity when combined with other strong local sclerosing agents
- Enhanced central nervous system depression when co-administered with systemic CNS depressants
- Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use