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CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM › BETA BLOCKING AGENTS › BETA BLOCKING AGENTS, THIAZIDES AND OTHER DIURETICS › Beta blocking agents, non-selective, thiazides and other diuretics
timolol, thiazides and other diuretics
C07DA06
Forms & Strengths
- Tablet: 5mg, 10mg
- Combination with hydrochlorothiazide: 10mg/25mg, 20mg/50mg
Adult Dosing
- Initial dose: 10mg twice daily, titrate to 20-40mg daily
- Maximum dose: 60mg daily
- Elderly dose: 5-10mg daily initially, titrate as needed
Pediatric Dosing
- Not established for children under 18 years
- Dosing in pediatric patients should be individualized
Indications
- Hypertension
- Angina pectoris
- Arrhythmias
- Migraine prophylaxis
Mechanism of Action
- Non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor blockade
- Decreases cardiac output, heart rate, and blood pressure
- Inhibits renin release, reducing angiotensin and aldosterone levels
Contraindications
- Asthma
- Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Sinus bradycardia
- Second- or third-degree AV block
- Cardiogenic shock
Adverse Reactions
- Bradycardia
- Hypotension
- Fatigue
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Bronchospasm
- Cold extremities
Drug Interactions
- Verapamil and diltiazem: increase risk of heart block and bradycardia
- Clonidine: increased risk of hypotension and bradycardia
- Epinephrine: potential for unopposed alpha-adrenergic receptor stimulation
- Insulin and oral hypoglycemics: may mask signs of hypoglycemia
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use