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tetracaine

D04AB06

Forms & Strengths

Ophthalmic Solution: 0.5%
Topical Gel: 2%
Topical Cream: 0.5%
Topical Solution: 2%

Adult Dosing

Ophthalmic: 1 to 2 drops into the eye(s) prior to minor surgical procedures
Topical: Apply a small amount to the affected area as needed for pain or pruritus

Pediatric Dosing

Ophthalmic: 1 drop into the eye(s) prior to minor procedures (use with caution in neonates and infants)
Topical: Safety and efficacy not well established in pediatric patients; use minimal effective dose

Indications

Local anesthesia for ophthalmic procedures
Temporary relief of pain and itching associated with minor skin irritations or sunburn

Mechanism of Action

Estrogen-related local anesthetic of the ester type
Stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses, thereby effecting local anesthesia

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to tetracaine, other ester-type local anesthetics, or para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) derivatives
Administration into or through infected or inflamed areas

Adverse Reactions

Transient stinging, burning, or irritation upon instillation
Corneal epithelium damage with prolonged or frequent use (ophthalmic)
Contact dermatitis, erythema, or edema at the application site
Systemic toxicity (central nervous system and cardiovascular) with excessive absorption

Drug Interactions

Sulfonamides: Local anesthetics of the PABA ester type may inhibit the antibacterial action of sulfonamides
Cholinesterase inhibitors: May decrease the metabolism of ester local anesthetics, increasing the risk of systemic toxicity

Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use