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DERMATOLOGICALS › ANTISEPTICS AND DISINFECTANTS › ANTISEPTICS AND DISINFECTANTS › Biguanides and amidines
chlorhexidine
D08AC02
Forms & Strengths
- mouthwash: 0.12%, 0.2% solution
- gel: 0.12%, 1% gel
- solution: 2%, 4% solution
- swab: 0.5% solution
Adult Dosing
- mouthwash: 15 mL undiluted for 30 seconds twice daily
- gel: apply 1-2 times daily
- skin disinfection: 2-4% solution
Pediatric Dosing
- same as adult dosing for children over 6 years old
- children under 6 years old: consult healthcare provider
Indications
- skin disinfection
- surgical hand scrub
- mouthwash for gingivitis
- vaginal disinfection
Mechanism of Action
- broad spectrum antimicrobial activity
- disrupts microbial cell membranes
- inhibits microbial adhesion to surfaces
Contraindications
- known hypersensitivity to chlorhexidine
- eye or ear injury
Adverse Reactions
- skin irritation
- allergic reactions
- seizures (rare)
- ototoxicity (with ear exposure)
Drug Interactions
- incompatibility with anionic surfactants
- increased risk of nephrotoxicity with other nephrotoxic agents
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use