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DERMATOLOGICALS › OTHER DERMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS › OTHER DERMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS › Other dermatologicals
oxymetazoline
D11AX27
Forms & Strengths
- Nasal spray: 0.05%
- Nasal drops: 0.025%
- Ophthalmic solution: 0.025%
Adult Dosing
- Nasal congestion: 2-3 sprays of 0.05% solution into each nostril every 12 hours as needed; limit use to 3-5 consecutive days
- Ocular redness: 1-2 drops in affected eye(s) up to 4 times daily as needed
Pediatric Dosing
- Children 6 to 11 years: 2-3 sprays of 0.025% solution into each nostril every 12 hours as needed; limit use to 3-5 days
- Children < 6 years: Safety and efficacy not established for nasal spray; use not recommended
Indications
- Nasal congestion associated with acute or chronic rhinitis, common cold, sinusitis, or hay fever
- Symptomatic relief of ocular redness due to minor irritations
Mechanism of Action
- Direct-acting alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist
- Causes vasoconstriction of arterioles in the nasal mucosa and conjunctiva, reducing blood flow and decreasing mucosal edema and congestion
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to oxymetazoline or any component of the formulation
- Angle-closure glaucoma (for ophthalmic use)
- Concurrent use with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within 14 days of discontinuation
Adverse Reactions
- Transient stinging, burning, or dryness of the nasal mucosa
- Sneezing
- Rebound congestion (rhinitis medicamentosa) with prolonged use exceeding 3-5 days
- Systemic effects (rare): hypertension, tachycardia, palpitations, nervousness, dizziness
Drug Interactions
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): May precipitate severe hypertensive crisis
- Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs): May potentiate the pressor effects of sympathomimetics
- Beta-blockers: May lead to initial hypertension followed by bradycardia
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use