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GENITO URINARY SYSTEM AND SEX HORMONES › SEX HORMONES AND MODULATORS OF THE GENITAL SYSTEM › PROGESTOGENS › Estren derivatives
etynodiol
G03DC06
Forms & Strengths
- Oral tablet: 1 mg (ethynodiol diacetate) combined with ethinyl estradiol
Adult Dosing
- Oral contraceptive: 1 tablet daily for 21 days, followed by 7 days of inactive tablets or no therapy, repeated in 28-day cycles
- Administer at the same time each day to maintain efficacy
Pediatric Dosing
- Post-menarcheal adolescents: 1 tablet daily in a 28-day cycle, same as adult dosing
Indications
- Prevention of pregnancy
- Management of moderate acne vulgaris in females ≥15 years desiring contraception
Mechanism of Action
- Synthetic progestin (ethynodiol diacetate) combined with estrogen
- Suppresses gonadotropins (LH and FSH) to inhibit ovulation
- Alters cervical mucus to impede sperm penetration
- Modifies endometrium to reduce likelihood of implantation
Contraindications
- Known or suspected pregnancy
- Active thrombophlebitis or thromboembolic disorders
- History of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism
- Cerebral vascular or coronary artery disease
- Known or suspected carcinoma of the breast
- Carcinoma of the endometrium or other estrogen-dependent neoplasia
- Undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding
- Hepatic tumor, active liver disease, or impaired liver function
- Hypersensitivity to any component
- Smokers over age 35
Adverse Reactions
- Thromboembolism (DVT, PE, myocardial infarction, stroke)
- Hypertension
- Nausea, abdominal cramping, bloating
- Breakthrough bleeding, spotting, amenorrhea
- Weight gain, fluid retention
- Breast tenderness, enlargement
- Headache, migraine, mood changes, depression
- Melasma, acne
Drug Interactions
- CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, St. John's wort) decrease contraceptive efficacy
- Antibiotics (e.g., penicillins, tetracyclines) may occasionally reduce efficacy via enterohepatic circulation disruption
- Lamotrigine: oral contraceptives decrease serum concentrations, potentially reducing seizure control
- Antidiabetic agents: combination hormonal contraceptives may impair glucose tolerance
- Cyclosporine: plasma concentrations may be increased due to inhibition of metabolism
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use