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GENITO URINARY SYSTEM AND SEX HORMONES › SEX HORMONES AND MODULATORS OF THE GENITAL SYSTEM › PROGESTOGENS AND ESTROGENS IN COMBINATION › Progestogens and estrogens, fixed combinations
etynodiol and estrogen
G03FA06
Forms & Strengths
- Oral tablets: Ethynodiol diacetate 1 mg / Ethinyl estradiol 0.035 mg
- Oral tablets: Ethynodiol diacetate 1 mg / Ethinyl estradiol 0.05 mg
Adult Dosing
- Contraception: 1 tablet daily for 21 days, followed by 7 days of inactive tablets or no tablets (28-day regimen)
Pediatric Dosing
- Postmenarchal adolescents: 1 tablet daily as directed for contraception (safety and efficacy similar to adult females)
Indications
- Prevention of pregnancy
- Management of moderate acne vulgaris in females at least 15 years old requesting oral contraception
Mechanism of Action
- Suppression of gonadotropins (FSH and LH), thereby inhibiting ovulation
- Altering cervical mucus to impede sperm penetration
- Modifying the endometrium to reduce the likelihood of implantation
Contraindications
- Known or suspected pregnancy
- A history of thrombophlebitis or thromboembolic disorders
- Cerebral vascular or coronary artery disease
- Valvular heart disease with thrombogenic complications
- Severe hypertension
- Diabetes mellitus with vascular involvement
- Known or suspected carcinoma of the breast or estrogen-dependent neoplasia
- Undiagnosed abnormal uterine bleeding
- Cholestatic jaundice of pregnancy or prior pill-associated jaundice
- Hepatic adenomas, carcinomas, or severe active liver disease
- Hypersensitivity to any component
- Smoking in women over 35 years of age
Adverse Reactions
- Thromboembolism (venous and arterial)
- Hypertension
- Nausea and vomiting
- Breast tenderness and enlargement
- Breakthrough bleeding, spotting, or amenorrhea
- Headache or migraine
- Weight fluctuations
- Melasma
- Mood changes or depression
Drug Interactions
- CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, St. John's wort) decrease contraceptive efficacy
- CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, erythromycin) may increase plasma estrogen concentrations
- Antidiabetic agents: Estrogens may increase blood glucose levels, requiring dosage adjustments
- Lamotrigine: Oral contraceptives may significantly decrease plasma concentrations, reducing seizure control
- Anticoagulants: OCPs may alter efficacy of oral anticoagulants
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use