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clometocillin

J01CE07

Forms & Strengths

Oral tablets: 200 mg, 400 mg
Oral suspension: 125 mg/5 mL

Adult Dosing

Mild to moderate infections: 400 mg orally every 6 to 8 hours
Severe infections: Up to 800 mg orally every 6 hours
Administer 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals for optimal absorption

Pediatric Dosing

Neonates and infants: 25 to 50 mg/kg/day divided every 6 to 12 hours
Children up to 12 years: 50 to 100 mg/kg/day divided in 4 doses every 6 hours

Indications

Treatment of mild to moderate penicillin-susceptible bacterial infections
Upper and lower respiratory tract infections caused by susceptible streptococci and pneumococci
Skin and soft tissue infections

Mechanism of Action

Narrow-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic belonging to the penicillinase-resistant penicillin group
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs)
Leads to lysis and cell death of susceptible bacteria

Contraindications

Known hypersensitivity to clometocillin, penicillin, or any beta-lactam antibiotics
History of penicillin-associated cholestatic jaundice or hepatic dysfunction

Adverse Reactions

Hypersensitivity reactions including rash, urticaria, pruritus, and anaphylaxis
Gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and pseudomembranous colitis
Transient elevation of liver transaminases
Hematological abnormalities including eosinophilia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia with prolonged use

Drug Interactions

Bacteriostatic antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin, tetracyclines) may antagonize the bactericidal effect of penicillins
Probenecid decreases the renal tubular secretion of clometocillin, leading to increased and prolonged serum concentrations
May reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives due to altered gut flora and reduced enterohepatic circulation

Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use