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ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE › ANTIBACTERIALS FOR SYSTEMIC USE › SULFONAMIDES AND TRIMETHOPRIM › Trimethoprim and derivatives
trimethoprim
J01EA01
Forms & Strengths
- Tablets: 100mg, 200mg
- Oral suspension: 50mg/5mL
Adult Dosing
- Urinary tract infections: 100mg q12h for 10 days
- Acute otitis media: 100mg q12h for 10 days
- Acute bronchitis: 100mg q12h for 10 days
Pediatric Dosing
- Children > 2 months: 5-10mg/kg/day divided q12h
- Children < 2 months: contraindicated
Indications
- Urinary tract infections
- Acute otitis media
- Acute bronchitis
- Traveler's diarrhea
Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, interfering with folic acid synthesis
- Bacteriostatic at low concentrations, bactericidal at high concentrations
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to trimethoprim or sulfa drugs
- Pregnancy at term, near term, or during labor and delivery
- Infants < 2 months
Adverse Reactions
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Rash
- Pruritus
- Agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and anemia
Drug Interactions
- Sulfonamides, methotrexate: increased risk of bone marrow suppression
- Warfarin: increased anticoagulant effect
- Phenytoin: increased phenytoin levels
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use