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ciprofloxacin and ornidazole

J01RA12

Forms & Strengths

Tablet: Ciprofloxacin 500 mg + Ornidazole 500 mg
Suspension: Varies by manufacturer

Adult Dosing

1 tablet orally every 12 hours for 5 to 7 days, or as prescribed for mixed anaerobic-aerobic infections
Maximum duration typically not to exceed 7-10 days

Pediatric Dosing

Not recommended for pediatric patients due to the inclusion of ciprofloxacin (risk of arthropathy) and ornidazole safety profile

Indications

Treatment of mixed infections caused by susceptible aerobic and anaerobic organisms
Diarrhea/dysentery of mixed amoebic and bacterial origin
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Intra-abdominal infections

Mechanism of Action

Ciprofloxacin: Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, preventing DNA replication and transcription
Ornidazole: 5-nitroimidazole derivative; enters bacterial/protozoal cells where its nitro group is reduced, damaging DNA and inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin, other fluoroquinolones, ornidazole, or other nitroimidazole derivatives
History of tendinopathy related to fluoroquinolone administration
Concomitant administration with tizanidine
Active central nervous system disorders or blood dyscrasias

Adverse Reactions

Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain, metallic taste
Dizziness, headache, insomnia
Tendinitis, tendon rupture
QT prolongation, peripheral neuropathy
Hypersensitivity reactions, photosensitivity

Drug Interactions

Antacids, sucralfate, and multivalent cations (iron, calcium, magnesium) decrease ciprofloxacin absorption
Warfarin: Enhanced anticoagulant effect (risk of bleeding)
Theophylline: Increased serum concentrations and toxicity risk
Alcohol: May cause disulfiram-like reactions due to ornidazole
NSAIDs: Increased risk of central nervous system stimulation and seizures

Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use