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ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE › ANTIBACTERIALS FOR SYSTEMIC USE › COMBINATIONS OF ANTIBACTERIALS › Combinations of antibacterials
ofloxacin and tinidazole
J01RA18
Forms & Strengths
- Tablet: Ofloxacin 200 mg / Tinidazole 500 mg
- Tablet: Ofloxacin 400 mg / Tinidazole 600 mg
Adult Dosing
- Mixed bacterial and protozoal infections: 1 tablet twice daily for 5 to 7 days
- Diarrhea/Dysentery: 1 tablet twice daily for 3 to 5 days
Pediatric Dosing
- Not recommended for children under 12 years of age due to fluoroquinolone and nitroimidazole safety concerns
Indications
- Mixed gastrointestinal infections (infectious diarrhea, amoebic dysentery, giardiasis)
- Pelvic inflammatory disease
- Mixed anaerobic and aerobic gynaecological infections
Mechanism of Action
- Ofloxacin: Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, halting DNA replication and transcription
- Tinidazole: Enters microbial cells via passive diffusion; its reduced nitro group damages DNA and inhibits nucleic acid synthesis
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to ofloxacin, other fluoroquinolones, tinidazole, or other nitroimidazole derivatives
- History of tendon disorders related to fluoroquinolone use
- Epilepsy or other central nervous system seizure disorders
- First trimester of pregnancy and lactation
- Active neurological disorders or blood dyscrasias
Adverse Reactions
- Gastrointestinal: Nausea, vomiting, metallic taste, diarrhea, abdominal pain
- Central Nervous System: Headache, dizziness, insomnia, peripheral neuropathy
- Musculoskeletal: Tendonitis, tendon rupture, arthralgia
- Dermatological: Rash, pruritus, photosensitivity
- Hematological: Transient leukopenia, neutropenia
Drug Interactions
- Antacids, sucralfate, and multivalent cations (iron, magnesium, aluminum) significantly decrease ofloxacin absorption
- Warfarin: Potentiation of anticoagulant effect, increasing bleeding risk with tinidazole
- Alcohol: Disulfiram-like reaction (flushing, vomiting, tachycardia) due to tinidazole
- Lithium: Increased serum lithium levels and risk of toxicity
- QT-prolonging agents (e.g., class IA/III antiarrhythmics, macrolides): Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use