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ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE › ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS › DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS › Other drugs for treatment of tuberculosis
thioacetazone
J04AK07
Forms & Strengths
- Oral tablets: 50 mg
- Oral tablets: 150 mg
- Fixed-dose combination tablets with isoniazid
Adult Dosing
- Pulmonary tuberculosis: 150 mg orally once daily
- Must be used as part of a multi-drug regimen to prevent resistance
- Discontinued immediately if severe skin reactions occur
Pediatric Dosing
- Pulmonary tuberculosis: 2 mg/kg to 2.5 mg/kg orally once daily
- Maximum daily dose generally not to exceed 150 mg
- Use restricted due to high risk of severe cutaneous adverse reactions in children with HIV
Indications
- Treatment of tuberculosis in resource-limited settings as a second-line agent
- Co-formulated with isoniazid for tuberculosis management
Mechanism of Action
- Bacteriostatic synthetic antimycobacterial agent
- Inhibits mycolic acid synthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell walls
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to thioacetazone or related compounds
- HIV infection (due to drastically increased risk of fatal toxic epidermal necrolysis)
- Severe hepatic impairment
- History of severe dermatological reactions during prior thioacetazone therapy
Adverse Reactions
- Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs), including toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- Gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, anorexia)
- Hepatotoxicity and jaundice
- Hematological abnormalities (agranulocytosis, anemia, thrombocytopenia)
- Dizziness and vertigo
Drug Interactions
- Hepatotoxic drugs: Increased risk of severe liver injury
- Bone marrow depressants: Potential additive myelosuppression
- Alcohol: Increased risk of hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal adverse effects
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use