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carboquone

L01AC03

Forms & Strengths

Injectable powder: 1 mg per vial
Injectable powder: 5 mg per vial

Adult Dosing

Intravenous: 0.5 to 2 mg per day or 2 to 10 mg 1 to 2 times weekly
Intra-arterial: 2 to 5 mg as a single dose or continuous infusion
Intracavitary (pleural/peritoneal): 5 to 10 mg per administration
Total cumulative dose generally not to exceed 50 to 100 mg per course

Pediatric Dosing

Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients have not been established
Use in children is generally avoided or individualized by pediatric oncologists based on institutional protocols

Indications

Palliative treatment of various malignant neoplasms including gastric cancer, breast cancer, and lung cancer
Management of malignant pleural and peritoneal effusions via intracavitary administration

Mechanism of Action

Bifunctional alkylating agent belonging to the benzoquinone class (aziridine derivative)
Forms covalent cross-links with DNA strands via its alkylating groups, inhibiting DNA replication and RNA transcription
Exerts cytotoxic effects across various phases of the cell cycle

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to carboquone or other alkylating agents
Severe bone marrow suppression (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)
Severe hepatic or renal impairment
Active systemic infections
Pregnancy and lactation

Adverse Reactions

Severe bone marrow suppression leading to leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia
Gastrointestinal distress including nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and stomatitis
Hepatic dysfunction with elevated transaminases and bilirubin
Renal impairment
Alopecia and local irritation or tissue necrosis upon extravasation

Drug Interactions

Other myelosuppressive chemotherapeutic agents or radiation therapy can cause additive bone marrow suppression
Hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of liver injury
Live vaccines may result in severe systemic infections due to immunosuppression

Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use