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ANTINEOPLASTIC AND IMMUNOMODULATING AGENTS › ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS › ALKYLATING AGENTS › Nitrosoureas
semustine
L01AD03
Forms & Strengths
- Capsules: 100 mg
- Injectable: 100 mg/vial
Adult Dosing
- 45-90 mg/m^2 orally every 6-8 weeks
- 250-300 mg/m^2 IV every 6-8 weeks
Pediatric Dosing
- Dosage not established for children
- Clinical experience limited in pediatric population
Indications
- Brain tumors (e.g., glioblastoma, medulloblastoma)
- Lymphoma (e.g., Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma)
- Melanoma
- Other malignancies (e.g., breast cancer, lung cancer)
Mechanism of Action
- Alkylates DNA and RNA, interfering with DNA replication and transcription
- Forms cross-links in DNA, inhibiting DNA synthesis and function
Contraindications
- Pregnancy and lactation
- Severe bone marrow depression
- Hypersensitivity to semustine or other nitrosoureas
Adverse Reactions
- Myelosuppression (e.g., anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Elevated liver enzymes
- Pulmonary fibrosis
Drug Interactions
- Increased toxicity with other myelosuppressive agents
- Enhanced effect of radiation therapy
- Potential interaction with liver enzyme inducers or inhibitors
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use