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ANTINEOPLASTIC AND IMMUNOMODULATING AGENTS › ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS › ANTIMETABOLITES › Pyrimidine analogues
capecitabine
L01BC06
Forms & Strengths
- 150mg, 500mg tablets
- Oral route of administration
Adult Dosing
- 1250mg/m² twice daily for 14 days, followed by 7-day rest period
- Dose reduction for adverse reactions or renal impairment
- Dose adjustment based on calculated creatinine clearance
Pediatric Dosing
- Safety and efficacy not established in patients under 18 years
- Limited data available, consult clinical guidelines for dosing
Indications
- Metastatic breast cancer resistant to paclitaxel and anthracyclines
- Adjuvant colon cancer treatment
- First-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer
- Locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer
Mechanism of Action
- Prodrug converted to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in tumor tissue
- 5-FU inhibits thymidylate synthase, interfering with DNA synthesis
- Induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells
Contraindications
- Severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min)
- Known hypersensitivity to 5-fluorouracil or capecitabine
- Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency
Adverse Reactions
- Hand-foot syndrome
- Diarrhea
- Nausea, vomiting
- Fatigue, asthenia
- Myelosuppression, neutropenia
Drug Interactions
- Warfarin: increased risk of bleeding
- Phenytoin: decreased phenytoin levels
- Leucovorin: enhanced toxicity of capecitabine
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use