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carboplatin

L01XA02

Forms & Strengths

Injection: 50 mg/5 mL, 150 mg/15 mL, 450 mg/45 mL, 600 mg/60 mL (10 mg/mL)
Powder for Injection: 50 mg, 150 mg, 450 mg

Adult Dosing

Initial treatment for advanced ovarian cancer: 360 mg/m² IV on day 1 every 4 weeks
Area Under the Curve (AUC) dosing: AUC 4 to 6 IV every 4 weeks calculated via Calvert formula
Dosage adjustment required based on renal function (creatinine clearance)

Pediatric Dosing

Retinoblastoma: 560 mg/m² IV every 28 days for 3 cycles
CNS tumors: 175-200 mg/m² weekly for 4 weeks or per specific protocol
Dosing typically calculated based on body surface area or AUC as per pediatric oncology protocols

Indications

Initial and secondary therapy of advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC)
Off-label: Germ cell tumors, head and neck cancer, bladder cancer, retinoblastoma

Mechanism of Action

Platinum-based antineoplastic agent
Binds to DNA, forming intra- and inter-strand cross-links
Inhibits DNA replication and transcription, leading to cell apoptosis

Contraindications

Severe bone marrow suppression (baseline neutrophils < 1,500/mm³ or platelets < 100,000/mm³)
History of severe allergic reactions to carboplatin or other platinum-containing compounds
Severe renal impairment (CrCl < 15 mL/min)

Adverse Reactions

Myelosuppression (dose-limiting thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, anemia)
Nausea and vomiting (moderate emetogenic risk)
Peripheral neuropathy, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity (less severe than cisplatin)
Hypersensitivity reactions (rash, urticaria, erythema, bronchospasm, hypotension)

Drug Interactions

Nephrotoxic medications (e.g., aminoglycosides, amphotericin B) increase risk of renal toxicity
Ototoxic medications (e.g., loop diuretics) increase risk of auditory toxicity
Concomitant myelosuppressive agents exacerbate bone marrow suppression
Live vaccines may result in severe infections due to immunosuppression

Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use