← Search & browse all drugs
MUSCULO-SKELETAL SYSTEM › MUSCLE RELAXANTS › MUSCLE RELAXANTS, PERIPHERALLY ACTING AGENTS › Other muscle relaxants, peripherally acting agents
botulinum toxin
M03AX01
Forms & Strengths
- 50 units/vial
- 100 units/vial
- 200 units/vial
- intramuscular injection
- intradermal injection
Adult Dosing
- 50-200 units per treatment session
- dose and frequency vary by indication and patient response
- re-treatment typically every 3-4 months
Pediatric Dosing
- safety and efficacy not established for most indications
- doses for pediatric spasticity and other indications vary by weight and condition
Indications
- blepharospasm
- strabismus
- facial wrinkles
- axillary hyperhidrosis
- cervical dystonia
- upper limb spasticity
- chronic migraine
Mechanism of Action
- inhibits acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions
- reduces muscle contraction and spasms
- blocks sweat gland stimulation
Contraindications
- hypersensitivity to botulinum toxin
- infection at injection site
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- myasthenia gravis
- Lambert-Eaton syndrome
Adverse Reactions
- ptosis
- diplopia
- dry eye
- facial weakness
- dysphagia
- neck pain
- muscle atrophy
Drug Interactions
- aminoglycosides increase risk of neuromuscular blockade
- spectinomycin increases risk of neuromuscular blockade
- polymyxins increase risk of neuromuscular blockade
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use