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NERVOUS SYSTEM › ANTIEPILEPTICS › ANTIEPILEPTICS › Oxazolidine derivatives
ethadione
N03AC03
Adult Dosing
- Initial: 900 mg to 1.2 g daily administered in 3 to 4 divided doses
- Titration: Increase by 300 mg at weekly intervals until therapeutic response is achieved
- Maximum daily dose: 2.1 g
Pediatric Dosing
- Children 2 to 6 years: Initial 300 to 600 mg daily in divided doses
- Infants and young children: Adjust dose based on age and weight, typically starting lower and titrating slowly
Indications
- Refractory absence seizures (petit mal) unresponsive to other safer antiepileptic medications
Mechanism of Action
- Oxazolidinedione anticonvulsant that reduces low-threshold T-type calcium currents in thalamic neurons, suppressing the synchronization of spike-wave discharges associated with absence seizures
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to oxazolidinediones
- Severe hepatic impairment
- Severe renal impairment
- Blood dyscrasias
Adverse Reactions
- Sedation, drowsiness, and fatigue
- Photophobia andhemeralopia (day blindness)
- Rash, exfoliative dermatitis, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- Agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, and neutropenia
- Nephrotic syndrome and proteinuria
- Hepatotoxicity and elevated liver enzymes
- Nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain
Drug Interactions
- CNS depressants: May potentiate central nervous system depression and sedation
- Bone marrow suppressants: Increased risk of severe hematotoxicity when co-administered with other myelotoxic agents
- Hepatotoxic drugs: Increased risk of liver injury with concurrent hepatotoxic medications
- Hydantoins: Oxazolidinediones may alter metabolism or increase the frequency of tonic-clonic seizures when combined with hydantoin derivatives
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use