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aminobutyric acid

N03AG03

Forms & Strengths

Oral Tablet: 500 mg
Oral Capsule: 250 mg
Oral Powder: 100%

Adult Dosing

General dosage: 500 mg to 3 g daily administered in divided doses
Epilepsy/Neurological disorders: 1.5 g to 3 g daily orally in divided doses
Adjustment required based on clinical response and tolerability

Pediatric Dosing

Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients not well established
If used off-label, dosage is weight-based (typically 25-50 mg/kg/day divided)

Indications

Adjunctive treatment in epilepsy
Management of neurological disorders associated with impaired cerebral metabolism
Supplements often used for anxiety and sleep support (nutritional context)

Mechanism of Action

Acts as the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system
Binds to GABA-A and GABA-B receptors, increasing chloride conductance or decreasing calcium influx
Poor blood-brain barrier penetration limits direct central effects when administered systemically

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to gamma-aminobutyric acid or formulation excipients
Severe renal impairment (relative contraindication due to clearance)
Severe hepatic impairment

Adverse Reactions

Gastrointestinal distress, nausea, and abdominal discomfort
Drowsiness, fatigue, and sedation
Paresthesia or tingling sensations
Headache and dizziness

Drug Interactions

Central nervous system (CNS) depressants: May potentiate sedative effects
Antihypertensive agents: Potential for additive blood pressure lowering effects
MAO inhibitors: Theoretical risk of altered neurotransmitter levels

Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use