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NERVOUS SYSTEM › ANTI-PARKINSON DRUGS › DOPAMINERGIC AGENTS › Adamantane derivatives
amantadine
N04BB01
Forms & Strengths
- 100mg capsule
- 50-100mg tablets
- 10-20mg/mL syrup
- 50-100mg/5mL oral solution
- 196mg extended release capsule
Adult Dosing
- 100mg orally twice daily for Parkinson's
- 100-200mg orally daily for influenza A
- 100-300mg orally daily for extrapyramidal reactions
- initial 100mg then 100mg 2 hours later, maintenance 100mg/day
Pediatric Dosing
- 1-9 years: 2.5-5mg/kg daily in 2 divided doses for influenza A
- 10-12 years: 5mg/kg daily or 100-150mg/day in 2 divided doses
- no established dose for children under 1 year
Indications
- treatment of Parkinson's disease
- prophylaxis and treatment of influenza A
- treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions
- treatment of fatigue in multiple sclerosis
Mechanism of Action
- releases dopamine from neurons
- blocks NMDA receptors
- inhibits influenza A viral replication
Contraindications
- hypersensitivity to amantadine
- epilepsy, especially with a history of seizures
Adverse Reactions
- dizziness
- headache
- nausea
- anxiety
- livedo reticularis
- confusion
- orthostatic hypotension
Drug Interactions
- increases toxicity of phenytoin and phenobarbital
- interacts with thiazide diuretics, increasing risk of kidney damage
- enhances adverse effects of CNS stimulants
- co-administration with quinine or quinidine may reduce amantadine clearance
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use