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NERVOUS SYSTEM › PSYCHOLEPTICS › ANTIPSYCHOTICS › Phenothiazines with piperazine structure
dixyrazine
N05AB01
Forms & Strengths
- Oral tablets: 10 mg
- Syrup: 2 mg/mL
Adult Dosing
- Anxiety and psychomotor agitation: 10 mg to 25 mg orally 2 to 3 times daily
- Maximum daily dose: 75 mg orally
Pediatric Dosing
- Children > 6 years: 0.5 mg/kg to 1 mg/kg daily in divided doses
- Not recommended for children under 6 years of age
Indications
- Short-term management of severe anxiety states
- Psychomotor agitation and tension
- Pre-medication for surgical procedures
Mechanism of Action
- Phenothiazine derivative with central nervous system depressant activity
- Acts as an antagonist at central dopamine (D2) and serotonin (5-HT2) receptors
- Exhibits strong anticholinergic, antihistaminic (H1), and alpha-1 adrenergic blocking properties
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to dixyrazine, other phenothiazines, or excipients
- Severe central nervous system depression or comatose states
- Bone marrow depression or history of blood dyscrasias
- Parkinson's disease or other severe extrapyramidal disorders
- Risk of urinary retention related to urethroprostatic disorders
- Narrow-angle glaucoma
Adverse Reactions
- Sedation, somnolence, and drowsiness
- Anticholinergic effects: dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation
- Orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, and tachycardia
- Extrapyramidal symptoms: tremor, rigidity, akathisia (especially at higher doses)
- Rare: Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, tardive dyskinesia, photosensitivity
Drug Interactions
- Central nervous system depressants (opioids, barbiturates, sedatives, alcohol): enhanced sedative and respiratory depressant effects
- Anticholinergic agents: additive anticholinergic side effects (e.g., paralytic ileus, confusion)
- Antihypertensive medications: potentiation of blood pressure-lowering effects, increasing risk of orthostatic hypotension
- CYP2D6 inhibitors: may alter the metabolism and plasma concentrations of phenothiazines
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use