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ANTIPARASITIC PRODUCTS, INSECTICIDES AND REPELLENTS › ANTIPROTOZOALS › AGENTS AGAINST AMOEBIASIS AND OTHER PROTOZOAL DISEASES › Nitroimidazole derivatives
nimorazole
P01AB06
Adult Dosing
- Trichomoniasis: 2 g as a single oral dose or 250 mg twice daily for 7 days
- Head and neck cancer (radiosensitizer): 1 g to 2 g daily prior to radiotherapy, per specific clinical trial protocols
Pediatric Dosing
- Trichomoniasis: Safety and efficacy in children not extensively established; use is generally restricted or weight-adjusted if necessary
Indications
- Treatment of Trichomonas vaginalis infections
- Hypoxic radiosensitizer in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (investigational/regional use)
Mechanism of Action
- Nitroimidazole derivative; enters microbial or hypoxic tumor cells via passive diffusion
- Undergoes intracellular reduction of its nitro group by ferredoxin-like electron transport systems
- Forms reactive radical species and intermediate metabolites that damage microbial DNA and inhibit synthesis
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to nimorazole or other nitroimidazole derivatives
- First trimester of pregnancy (relative/absolute depending on indication)
- Active organic neurological disorders
Adverse Reactions
- Nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort
- Metallic taste in mouth
- Dizziness, headache, peripheral neuropathy with prolonged use
- Disulfiram-like ethanol reaction
Drug Interactions
- Alcohol: Elicits disulfiram-like reaction (flushing, tachycardia, nausea)
- Oral anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): Potentiates anticoagulant effect, increasing bleeding risk
- Lithium: May increase serum lithium concentrations and toxicity
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use