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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM › THROAT PREPARATIONS › THROAT PREPARATIONS › Anesthetics, local
lidocaine
R02AD02
Forms & Strengths
- Ointment 5%
- Viscous solution 2%
- Oral spray 10%
Adult Dosing
- Topical oral/mucosal: Apply thinly to affected area as needed, maximum 300 mg per application.
- Viscous solution: 15 mL (300 mg) swish and spit/swallow every 3 hours as needed, maximum 8 doses/24 hours.
Pediatric Dosing
- Children >3 years: Use lowest effective dose, not exceeding 4.5 mg/kg per dose.
- Viscous solution: Use with extreme caution due to risk of overdose and seizures; consult specific pediatric dosing guidelines.
Indications
- Temporary relief of pain associated with oral cavity, pharynx, or mucous membrane inflammation.
Mechanism of Action
- Amide-type local anesthetic that stabilizes neuronal membranes by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to amide-type local anesthetics
- Severe trauma or sepsis in the region of proposed application
Adverse Reactions
- Local irritation
- Erythema
- Edema
- Methemoglobinemia (rare, high doses)
- Central nervous system toxicity (tremors, seizures with systemic absorption)
- Cardiovascular depression
Drug Interactions
- Class III antiarrhythmic drugs (e.g., amiodarone): additive cardiac effects
- Other local anesthetics: additive systemic toxicity
- CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 inhibitors (e.g., erythromycin, fluvoxamine): may decrease lidocaine clearance
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use