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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM › DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES › ADRENERGICS, INHALANTS › Non-selective beta-adrenoreceptor agonists
isoprenaline
R03AB02
Forms & Strengths
- Injection: 0.2 mg/mL (1 mL ampoules)
- Inhalation solution: 1:200 (0.5%)
Adult Dosing
- Bronchospasm (Inhalation): 1 to 2 inhalations of 1:200 solution
- Bradycardia / Heart Block (IV infusion): 2 to 20 mcg/min titrated to heart rate and rhythm
- Cardiac arrest (IV/Intracardiac): 0.02 to 0.02 mg (0.2 to 1 mL of 1:5000) injected directly
Pediatric Dosing
- Bronchospasm (Inhalation): 1 inhalation of 1:200 solution, repeated if necessary
- Bradycardia / Heart Block (IV infusion): 0.1 to 1 mcg/kg/min titrated to response
Indications
- Management of bronchospasm during anesthesia
- Treatment of severe bradycardia or heart block unresponsive to atropine or pacing
- Adjuvant treatment of cardiac arrest
Mechanism of Action
- Non-selective beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic agonist
- Stimulation of beta-1 receptors increases heart rate, conduction velocity, and myocardial contractility
- Stimulation of beta-2 receptors causes relaxation of bronchial, gastrointestinal, and vascular smooth muscle
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to isoprenaline or sympathomimetics
- Tachycardia or AV block caused by digitalis intoxication
- Ventricular arrhythmias requiring inotropic therapy
- Angina pectoris
Adverse Reactions
- Tachycardia and palpitations
- Ventricular arrhythmias and premature beats
- Anginal pain and myocardial ischemia
- Nervousness, tremor, headache, and dizziness
- Flushing and sweating
Drug Interactions
- Beta-blockers antagonize the therapeutic effects of isoprenaline
- Halogenated hydrocarbon anesthetics increase myocardial irritability and risk of arrhythmias
- Other sympathomimetic amines lead to additive toxicity and severe cardiovascular effects
- Tricyclic antidepressants and MAOIs potentiate vascular effects and risk of severe hypertension
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use