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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM › DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES › OTHER DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES, INHALANTS › Anticholinergics
stramoni preparations
R03BB03
Forms & Strengths
- Inhalation aerosol 0.5 mg per puff
- Nebuliser solution 1 mg/mL
- Metered-dose inhaler (MDI) 100 µg per actuation
Adult Dosing
- 2 inhalations (1 mg) every 4–6 h as needed for bronchospasm
- Maximum 8 inhalations (4 mg) per 24 h
- For acute severe asthma: 4 inhalations (2 mg) nebulised over 10 min, repeat once if needed
Pediatric Dosing
- Children ≥12 yr: same as adult dosing
- Children 6–11 yr: 1 inhalation (0.5 mg) every 4–6 h, max 4 inhalations/24 h
- Children 2–5 yr: 0.5 inhalation (0.25 mg) every 6–8 h, max 2 inhalations/24 h
Indications
- Relief of acute bronchospasm in asthma
- Pre‑exercise bronchospasm prophylaxis
- Symptomatic treatment of COPD with reversible airway obstruction
Mechanism of Action
- Selective β2‑adrenergic receptor agonist
- Stimulates adenylate cyclase → ↑cAMP → relaxation of airway smooth muscle
- Inhibits mediator release from mast cells
Contraindications
- Known hypersensitivity to the drug or formulation excipients
- Severe tachyarrhythmias or uncontrolled hypertension
- Paradoxical bronchospasm with previous use
Adverse Reactions
- Tremor, especially of the hands
- Palpitations and tachycardia
- Headache and dizziness
- Hypokalaemia, particularly with high doses
- Throat irritation or cough with inhaled forms
Drug Interactions
- Non‑selective β‑blockers (e.g., propranolol) may reduce efficacy and cause bronchospasm
- MAO inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants can potentiate sympathomimetic effects
- Diuretics (esp. loop) increase risk of hypokalaemia
- Other bronchodilators (e.g., anticholinergics) may have additive cardiovascular effects
- Corticosteroids may enhance β2‑agonist response
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use