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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM › DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES › ADRENERGICS FOR SYSTEMIC USE › Selective beta-2-adrenoreceptor agonists
isoetarine
R03CC06
Forms & Strengths
- Inhalation solution: 0.062% (with 0.05% glycerin)
- Inhalation solution: 0.08% (with 0.05% glycerin)
- Inhalation solution: 0.1% (with 0.05% glycerin)
- Inhalation solution: 0.125% (with 0.05% glycerin)
- Inhalation solution: 0.25% (with 0.05% glycerin)
- Metered-dose inhaler: 340 mcg/actuation
Adult Dosing
- Handbulb nebulizer: 3 to 7 inhalations of 0.5% or 1.0% solution undiluted
- Intermittent positive pressure breathing (IPPB): 0.5 mL of 0.5% or 1.0% solution diluted 1:3
- Metered-dose inhaler: 1 to 2 inhalations every 4 hours as needed
Pediatric Dosing
- Safety and efficacy not well established in children under 12 years of age
- Adolescents (>=12 years): Adult dosing regimens may be applied cautiously based on clinical response
Indications
- Bronchospasm associated with acute and chronic bronchial asthma
- Emphysema
- Chronic bronchitis
- Reversible obstructive pulmonary disease
Mechanism of Action
- Relatively selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist
- Stimulates intracellular adenyl cyclase to convert ATP to cyclic AMP
- Increases cyclic AMP levels, leading to bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and inhibition of mediator release
- Exerts mild beta-1 stimulatory effects on the heart
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to isoetarine, sympathomimetics, or any component of the formulation
- Tachyarrhythmias or tachycardia caused by digitalis toxicity
Adverse Reactions
- Tachycardia
- Palpitations
- Tremors
- Nervousness
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- Weakness
- Paradoxical bronchospasm with excessive use
Drug Interactions
- Other sympathomimetic bronchodilators: May cause additive adverse cardiovascular effects
- Beta-blockers: May antagonize the bronchodilating effects of isoetarine
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) and tricyclic antidepressants: May potentiate vascular effects and lead to hypertensive crises
- Potassium-losing diuretics (thiazides, loop diuretics): May exacerbate ECG changes or hypokalemia associated with beta-agonist therapy
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use