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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM › DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES › OTHER SYSTEMIC DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES › Xanthines
diprophylline
R03DA01
Forms & Strengths
- Oral Tablets: 200 mg
- Oral Tablets: 400 mg
- Oral Elixir: 50 mg/5 mL
Adult Dosing
- Initial: 200 mg to 400 mg orally every 6 hours
- Maximum daily dose: 15 mg/kg or up to 1.6 g/day, adjusted based on clinical response and serum levels
Pediatric Dosing
- Children > 6 years: 4 to 6 mg/kg/dose orally every 6 hours
- Safety and efficacy in children < 6 years not well established
Indications
- Symptomatic treatment of reversible bronchospasm associated with chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and bronchial asthma
Mechanism of Action
- Direct relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and pulmonary blood vessels via phosphodiesterase inhibition
- Increases intracellular cAMP levels, leading to bronchodilation and CNS stimulation
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to diprophylline, other xanthines, or excipients
- Acute myocardial infarction
- Uncontrolled arrhythmias
Adverse Reactions
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Epigastric pain
- Headache
- Insomnia
- Tachycardia
- Palpitations
- Nervousness
Drug Interactions
- Concurrent use with other xanthines may increase toxicity
- Additive CNS stimulation with sympathomimetics
- Lithium clearance may be increased, leading to reduced serum lithium levels
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use