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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM › DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES › OTHER SYSTEMIC DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES › Xanthines
bufylline
R03DA10
Forms & Strengths
- Oral tablets: 100 mg
- Oral syrup: 50 mg/5 mL
Adult Dosing
- 200 mg to 400 mg orally every 8 hours
- Maximum daily dose: 1200 mg
Pediatric Dosing
- Children > 6 years: 4 to 6 mg/kg orally every 8 hours
- Maximum daily dose: 16 mg/kg/day
Indications
- Bronchial asthma
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Reversible bronchospasm
Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits phosphodiesterase (PDE), increasing intracellular cyclic AMP
- Antagonizes adenosine receptors
- Produces bronchial smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to bufylline, theophylline, or other xanthines
- Acute myocardial infarction
- Severe tachyarrhythmias
- Active peptic ulcer disease
Adverse Reactions
- Nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain
- Tachycardia, palpitations, cardiac arrhythmias
- Headache, insomnia, anxiety, tremor
- Diuresis
Drug Interactions
- CYP1A2 inhibitors (e.g., cimetidine, ciprofloxacin) increase bufylline serum levels
- CYP1A2 inducers (e.g., rifampin, smoking) decrease bufylline levels
- Concomitant beta-blockers may antagonize bronchodilatory effects
- Additive central nervous system stimulation with other sympathomimetics
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use