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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM › ANTIHISTAMINES FOR SYSTEMIC USE › ANTIHISTAMINES FOR SYSTEMIC USE › Aminoalkyl ethers
carbinoxamine
R06AA08
Forms & Strengths
- Oral Tablet: 4 mg
- Oral Solution: 4 mg/5 mL
Adult Dosing
- Allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis: 4 mg to 8 mg orally 3 to 4 times daily
- Maximum daily dose: 32 mg/day
Pediatric Dosing
- Children 2 to 5 years: 2 mg orally every 8 to 12 hours
- Children 6 to 11 years: 4 mg orally every 8 to 12 hours
- Contraindicated in children under 2 years of age due to fatal respiratory depression
Indications
- Perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis
- Vasomotor rhinitis
- Allergic conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods
- Mild local allergic manifestations of urticaria and angioedema
- Dermatographism
- As adjunctive anaphylactic therapy
Mechanism of Action
- First-generation ethanolamine-class antihistamine
- Acts as an inverse agonist/antagonist at central and peripheral histamine H1 receptors
- Possesses significant anticholinergic, mild local anesthetic, and moderate sedative properties
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to carbinoxamine or other ethanolamine antihistamines
- Neonates and premature infants
- Children under 2 years of age
- Patients receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
- Narrow-angle glaucoma
- Symptomatic prostatic hypertrophy or bladder neck obstruction
- Stenosing peptic ulcer or pyloroduodenal obstruction
Adverse Reactions
- Central nervous system depression, somnolence, sedation, dizziness, and disturbed coordination
- Anticholinergic effects: dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, and constipation
- Paradoxical excitation in young children (restlessness, insomnia, tremors)
- Hypotension, palpitations, and tachycardia
- Thickening of bronchial secretions
Drug Interactions
- MAO inhibitors prolong and intensify the anticholinergic effects of antihistamines
- Central nervous system depressants (alcohol, barbiturates, hypnotics, opioids) cause additive sedation
- Drugs with strong anticholinergic properties (tricyclic antidepressants, atropine) lead to enhanced anticholinergic toxicity
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use