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chloramphenicol

S01AA01

Forms & Strengths

Ophthalmic Solution: 0.5%
Ophthalmic Ointment: 1%

Adult Dosing

Ophthalmic Solution: 1 to 2 drops in the affected eye(s) every 2 to 6 hours, increased to frequency desired up to every hour day and night for severe infections.
Ophthalmic Ointment: Apply a small amount (approx. 1 cm) of ointment to the conjunctival sac every 3 hours or more frequently depending on the severity of the infection.

Pediatric Dosing

Ophthalmic Solution: 1 to 2 drops in the affected eye(s) every 2 to 6 hours, adjusted based on severity.
Ophthalmic Ointment: Apply a small amount into the conjunctival sac every 3 hours or more frequently as directed.

Indications

Treatment of superficial ocular infections involving the conjunctiva and/or cornea caused by susceptible organisms.

Mechanism of Action

Binds reversibly to the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis and preventing peptide bond formation.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to chloramphenicol or any component of the formulation.
Aplastic anemia history or other drug-induced bone marrow suppression.
Minor bacterial infections of the eye or prophylaxis.

Adverse Reactions

Transient burning or stinging upon instillation
Contact dermatitis or hypersensitivity reactions
Rare systemic toxicity (bone marrow hypoplasia, aplastic anemia) following prolonged or excessive topical ophthalmic use

Drug Interactions

Concomitant use with other bone marrow suppressants may increase the risk of hematologic toxicity.
Potential antagonism with bactericidal agents like penicillins or aminoglycosides in systemic use, though less clinically significant with topical administration.

Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use