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SENSORY ORGANS › OPHTHALMOLOGICALS › ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENTS › Corticosteroids, plain
betamethasone
S01BA06
Forms & Strengths
- Ophthalmic solution 0.1%
- Ophthalmic suspension 0.1%
Adult Dosing
- Instill 1 to 2 drops into the conjunctival sac up to 4 to 6 times daily
- In severe cases, instill every hour, tapering as inflammation subsides
Pediatric Dosing
- Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients have not been established
- Use lowest effective dose if prescribed by a specialist
Indications
- Steroid-responsive inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea, and anterior segment of the globe
Mechanism of Action
- Glucocorticoid that diffuses across cell membranes and binds to cytosolic glucocorticoid receptors
- Induces phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins (lipocortins), controlling biosynthesis of potent mediators of inflammation such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes
Contraindications
- Epithelial herpes simplex keratitis (dendritic keratitis)
- Vaccinia, varicella, and other viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva
- Mycobacterial infection of the eye
- Fungal diseases of ocular structures
- Hypersensitivity to betamethasone or any component of the formulation
Adverse Reactions
- Elevation of intraocular pressure with possible development of glaucoma
- Posterior subcapsular cataract formation
- Delayed wound healing
- Secondary ocular infection (bacterial, fungal, viral)
- Transient stinging or burning upon instillation
Drug Interactions
- Concomitant use of topical anticholinergics may increase intraocular pressure
- Prolonged use with local anesthetics may increase the risk of corneal ulceration
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use