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SENSORY ORGANS › OPHTHALMOLOGICALS › ANTIGLAUCOMA PREPARATIONS AND MIOTICS › Sympathomimetics in glaucoma therapy
dipivefrine
S01EA02
Forms & Strengths
- Ophthalmic solution: 0.1%
Adult Dosing
- Open-angle glaucoma: Instill 1 drop in the affected eye(s) every 12 hours
Pediatric Dosing
- Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients have not been established
Indications
- Reduction of intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma
Mechanism of Action
- Prodrug of epinephrine; hydrolyzed in the cornea to epinephrine, which stimulates alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors to decrease aqueous humor production and increase outflow
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to dipivefrine, epinephrine, or any component
- Narrow-angle glaucoma (risk of precipitating angle-closure attack)
Adverse Reactions
- Burning and stinging upon instillation
- Mydriasis
- Conjunctival hyperemia
- Macular edema in aphakic patients
- Systemic effects including tachycardia, hypertension, and headaches
Drug Interactions
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): May potentiate pressor effects and lead to hypertensive crisis
- Tricyclic antidepressants: May potentiate cardiovascular effects of sympathomimetics
- Beta-blockers (ophthalmic): May have additive intraocular pressure-lowering effects
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use