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SENSORY ORGANS › OPHTHALMOLOGICALS › ANTIGLAUCOMA PREPARATIONS AND MIOTICS › Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
methazolamide
S01EC05
Forms & Strengths
- Oral tablets: 25 mg
- Oral tablets: 50 mg
Adult Dosing
- Open-angle glaucoma: 50 mg to 100 mg 2 to 3 times daily
- Secondary glaucoma and preoperative treatment of acute angle-closure glaucoma: 50 mg 2 to 3 times daily or 100 mg initially, followed by 50 mg every 8 hours
Pediatric Dosing
- Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients have not been established
Indications
- Adjunctive treatment of chronic simple (open-angle) glaucoma
- Secondary glaucoma
- Preoperative treatment of acute angle-closure glaucoma where delay of surgery is desired to lower intraocular pressure
Mechanism of Action
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor in the ciliary body of the eye
- Decreases aqueous humor secretion, resulting in a reduction in intraocular pressure
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to methazolamide or other sulfonamides
- Depressed sodium and potassium serum levels
- Marked kidney or liver disease or dysfunction
- Adrenocortical insufficiency
- Hyperchloremic acidosis
Adverse Reactions
- Paresthesias, fatigue, drowsiness, dizziness
- Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, taste alteration
- Metabolic acidosis, electrolyte imbalance (hypokalemia, hyponatremia)
- Polyuria, crystalluria, nephrolithiasis
- Rare: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, bone marrow suppression
Drug Interactions
- High-dose salicylates: increased risk of severe toxicity and metabolic acidosis
- Other carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: additive adverse effects and toxicity
- Lithium: increased renal excretion of lithium, leading to decreased therapeutic efficacy
- Hypokalemic agents (e.g., corticosteroids, diuretics): increased risk of severe potassium depletion
Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use