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brimonidine

S01GA07

Forms & Strengths

Ophthalmic solution 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%
Topical gel 0.33%

Adult Dosing

Ocular hypertension / Open-angle glaucoma: One drop in affected eye(s) three times daily (approximately every 8 hours)
Facial erythema of rosacea: Apply a pea-sized amount once daily to each of the five areas of the face

Pediatric Dosing

Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients under 2 years old are not established
Use in pediatric patients aged 2 to 16 years is contraindicated due to risk of CNS depression

Indications

Lowering intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension
Treatment of persistent facial erythema associated with rosacea in adults

Mechanism of Action

Selective alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist
Reduces aqueous humor production and increases uveoscleral outflow (ophthalmic)
Causes direct vasoconstriction of dilated facial blood vessels (topical)

Contraindications

Neonates and infants under 2 years of age
Patients receiving monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor therapy

Adverse Reactions

Allergic conjunctivitis, conjunctival hyperemia, and ocular pruritus
Burning, stinging, and foreign body sensation
Dry mouth, fatigue, somnolence, and headache
Erythema, flushing, and skin burning (topical gel)

Drug Interactions

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors may theoretically affect catecholamine metabolism and should be avoided
CNS depressants (alcohol, barbiturates, opiates, sedatives, anesthetics) may exhibit additive CNS depression
Antihypertensives and cardiac glycosides may produce additive effects on blood pressure or pulse

Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use