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xylometazoline, combinations

S01GA53

Forms & Strengths

Nasal spray solution 0.05% (combined with corticosteroid)
Nasal spray solution 0.1% (combined with antihistamine)

Adult Dosing

1-2 sprays per nostril every 8‑12 h, max 2 days of continuous use
Do not exceed 4 sprays total per dose

Pediatric Dosing

>2 yr: 1 spray per nostril every 8‑12 h, max 2 days
<2 yr: contraindicated

Indications

Relief of nasal congestion due to common cold, sinusitis, allergic rhinitis
Adjunctive therapy in acute rhinosinusitis when combined with a steroid

Mechanism of Action

Selective α1‑adrenergic agonist causing vasoconstriction of nasal mucosal arterioles
Reduces mucosal edema and nasal airflow resistance

Contraindications

Known hypersensitivity to xylometazoline or any excipient
Severe hypertension, coronary artery disease, acute glaucoma
Use with MAO‑inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants

Adverse Reactions

Local burning, stinging or dryness of nasal mucosa
Rebound congestion (rhinitis medicamentosa) with >3 days use
Transient tachycardia, hypertension, headache

Drug Interactions

Concomitant MAO‑inhibitors or TCAs may potentiate hypertensive effect
Concurrent systemic or topical sympathomimetics increase risk of hypertension
Other nasal decongestants → additive vasoconstriction
Cocaine or epinephrine nasal preparations – avoid

Curated Content: Needs Vetting Before Put to Clinical Use